Transesophageal echocardiography contributes to the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of patients in cases where more information is required on the anatomy and physiology of heart structures when these are not adequately visualized with the transthoracic study.
Indications
- Assessment of the severity of heart valve disease.
- Assessment of embolic foci, exclusion of the presence of a thrombus in the left atrial appendage of the heart.
- In suspected pericarditis, exclusion of the presence of protrusions on the heart valves.
- Assessment of patients during or after transcatheter procedures (closure of atrial or ventricular septal defect, transcatheter valve replacement or repair).
Transesophageal echocardiography is a diagnostic test that uses sound waves to image the heart. It is performed in a hospital / clinic.
During the examination, the doctor specialized in the technique will pass a small, flexible transducer through your esophagus which will image your heart clearly, as the esophagus is located just behind the heart.
Before the test begins, the staff places equipment on the body of the examined person that will be used to monitor their vital signs. This equipment includes a cuff to measure blood pressure, a heart rate and rhythm monitor, and an oximeter that is connected to your finger. Nasal oxygen and suction will be available if needed.
A venous catheter will be placed in the arm to administer fluids and medications. The pharynx will be sprayed with an anesthetic spray of xylocaine. This spray reduces the swallowing reflex and helps you pass the transducer through the pharynx. The numbing sensation will subside quickly after the examination. An intravenous anesthetic will also be administered to help relax the patient.
The examination usually takes 10-30 minutes.
